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range from 6 to 100 GHz, where sending signals from the antenna to the electronics via cable would result in large losses. That means the electronics, and thus signal processing, must be positioned close to the antenna – i.e. directly under the roof or in the antenna. Here in lies the key challenge. High temperatures and fluctuations under the roof and in the antenna, itself take a heavy toll on the electronics' performance and operating lifecycle. The solution is to develop a hidden antenna that can withstand such conditions. The other major challenge is as the frequency range expands it increases radio field attenuation, which means signals can be received only from a shorter distance. That results in problems with omnidirectional antennas, which cannot then receive signals or can do so to a limited extent. Although the distance can be increased through the pinpointed alignment of the antennas, devices then have to be fitted with a large number of antennas. As a result, only the antennas in the direction of the transmitter can be used. Roadside units must also be equipped with directional antennas in order to transmit the signal to devices in passing cars. What initiatives are communication systems manufactures taking to define 5G standards for the auto industry? Since 5G is intended to optimize the integration of machines and cars in mobile communications, several stakeholders are involved in defining the 5G standards. Whereas the big players in the communications industry defined the existing standards, such as UMTS and LTE, the automotive industry has established the 5GAA, a body for defining requirements for 5G standardization. A common definition is important to ensure efficient communication between devices from different manufacturers is possible — for instance, in road traffic. For example, with 5G, road operators will be able to use connected vehicle data to ensure traffic flows and avoid crowded environments that could lead to accidents. It is imperative for the future of connected mobility that groups like the 5GAA are in place to support technical working groups and the development of GNSS and high-speed wireless technology to meet future need for 5G networks. Integration of 5G will make the connected car part of the IoT ecosystem. Cars will then communicate not only with each other (this is possible also using LTE based modules) but also with other vehicles, such as bicycles, or even with infrastructures like parking systems. As 5G moves into the connected car, security threats become a large risk. What steps are being taken to ensure the vehicle is safe? A priority focus for suppliers is to ensure tamper-resistant data security and functional safety. This means organization and development processes for security testing must be completed to understand the security gaps and potentials for cyber- attacks. A deep analysis of end-to-end risk is a requirement OEMs should expect of their suppliers to ensure that all possible weakness is eliminated and protective measures are defined in the system. A safe, reliable 5G system not only offers security inside the car but it also works outside of the vehicle to improve road safety. Additionally, crucial alerts like left-turn assistance will support the driver in challenging situations. 5G integration allows car manufacturers the possibility of making the vehicle of tomorrow a reality. | 7 | IN-VEHICLE USB SMART CHARGING MODULES CONNECTED MOBILITY SOLUTIONS Learn more > Learn more >

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