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(eVTOL) aircraft offer a sustainable and maneuverable transportation solution. Despite electrification's obvious benefits, several notable engineering challenges need to be addressed before electric aviation can reach widespread commercialization. One of the most significant challenges in electric aviation is managing aircraft weight. Batteries and electric motors add considerable mass to aircraft, negatively impacting flight efficiency and performance. Designers must strike a balance between sizing batteries large enough to maximize flight range but not too large to diminish efficiency. Similarly, increased electrification also entails increased cabling, adding to aircraft weight. A tradeoff exists between the efficiency of larger cabling for power transmission and the added weight of thicker gauge wire. Designers must optimize between these constraints to develop the most efficient system possible. Beyond weight, the electrification of aviation solutions is hindered by the need for fast and reliable infrastructure. To support electric aircraft, airports must be equipped with high-capacity charging stations. New infrastructure is both expensive to install and requires careful planning to ensure it can handle the demand. Ultimately, electric aviation may require upgrading local power grids and integrating renewable energy sources to provide sustainable power for charging stations. Similarly, the slow charging rates of electric batteries, as compared to the liquid refueling of conventional aircraft, is a considerable hurdle. Whereas traditional aircraft refueling can take 15 to 30 minutes depending on the aircraft's size and fuel capacity, charging the batteries C h a p t e r 3 | E l e c t r i f i c a t i o n a n d t h e Fu t u r e o f Av i a t i o n Aviation is undergoing an energy transition phase, shifting from fossil fuels to green energy. This shift increases the risk associated with the decision to develop new aircraft. Designers must anticipate challenges in technical aspects, certification, maintenance, and public perception as aviation moves towards electrification and the future." Alex Martins Barbosa Innovation and Development Engineer, Embraer 18 11 Industry Experts Discuss eMobility and the Future of Aviation