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Wireless
Communication
Standards &
Protocols
Standards Body General Use
Digital/Analog
Modulation
Radio Technology
Wi-Fi IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN OFDM, OFDMA
MIMO, MUMIMO,
DSSS
Cellular Wireless
(2G, 3G, 4G
LTE, 5G)
3GPP Mobile internet
OFDMA, TDMA,
SC-FDMA
MIMO, MUMIMO,
FDD, TDD
NFC NFC Forum
Contactless
payment,
access control,
authentication,
provisioning
Modified
Miller, ASK
RFID
ISO 14443 and
ISO/IEC 18000
Access control,
authentication,
provisioning
AM, FM, ASK, OOK
BLUETOOTH
®
Bluetooth SIG
P2P, PAN data
stream, & IoT
provisioning
GFSK, PSK, pi/4-
DQPSK, 8-DQPSK
FHSS
Zigbee CSA
P2P, PAN, mesh
networks, & IoT
OQPSK, BPSK DSSS
Z-Wave Z-Wave Alliance
P2P & mesh
network IoT
OQPSK, BPSK DSSS
LoRa-LoRaWAN ITU
Low-power
WAN for IoT,
machine-type
communications
CSS CSS
NB-IoT 3GPP
Low-power
WAN for IoT,
machine-type
communications
OFDM, SC-FDMA FD, HD, FDD, TDD
LTE-M 3GPP
Low power WAN for
IoT, machine-type
comunications
QPSK, 16-QAM,
64-QAM
FD, HD, FDD, TDD
Ultra-wideband
(UWB)
IEEE 802.15.4z
Impulse radio,
location, car
connectivity
PPM, BPSK, BPM Radar
Table 1: Common wireless communication standards, protocols, and their technical characteristics
