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send them along the internet. Many of the case uses for IoT are found in industrial applications. This area, the appropriately named Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), is increasingly demanding the most extreme performance. Achieving these extremes presents challenges that must be overcome in order to enable Extreme IIoT to flourish. Analog Devices (ADI) is the world leader in Extreme IoT solutions. Extreme Applications Encountered IIoT applications are inherently extreme, forcing designers to think ahead about what is possible. These extreme applications call for a systems-level approach in which everything works together for the good of the whole. The proper system-level approach also takes into account careful individual module and component selection. Like a long-distance runner that trains their mind, heart, stomach, and legs for the ultramarathon distance, extreme IIoT designs requires all things to work synergistically. Precise sensing and measuring will provide information. IIoT signals must be efficiently processed with low power consumption. Secured wireless connectivity gets information from one location to another. Stringent safety considerations protect data ensuring it is not available for misuse or abuse. Examples of extreme IIoT applications are numerous. Let's take a look at two examples. First, let's consider an oil refinery (Figure 1). Small changes in temperatures and pressures within the refinery may have a large impact on the safety, yield, and efficiency of the entire operation. Historically, human beings have walked the refinery, taking note of various gauges and process control equipment to monitor the situation. IIoT allows this process to be improved. It enables ongoing, real-time, all-pervasive sensing and measurement of the relevant factors. No one doubts that in an oil refinery vast distances, outdoor exposure, varying and extreme temperatures, flammable and toxic chemicals, and a wide variety of sophisticated and complicated processes beg for proper and reliable coordination. A second example, one perhaps more familiar to our readers, is electronic semiconductor fabrication. As a design engineer, you may no doubt have an understanding of some or all of the various complicated processes involved in making an integrated circuit (IC) or similar device. The process is expensive and any errors have significant negative impacts. Extreme IIoT enables continuous ongoing process evaluation without downtime. This leads to better employment of resource consumption and capacity planning. 17 Figure 1: Oil Refinery Figure 2: Semiconductor Fabrication LTC2063 Zero-Drift Operational Amplifiers ADAQ7980/ADAQ7988 μModule Data Acquisition System Converters Learn More 4 Learn More 4 • Designed as 1MSPS/500kSPS 16-bit analog- to-digital converter (ADC) μModule data acquisition systems • High accuracy 16-bit SAR ADC • High bandwidth, high input impedance ADC driver • Integrate a high voltage energy harvesting power supply • Each has a DC/DC converter powered by a primary cell battery to create a single output supply • Energy harvesting power supply consists of an integrated full-wave bridge rectifier and a high voltage buck converter IoT