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6 The Future of Automotive The C-V2X receiver Like other wireless communication technologies, the C-V2X technology is designed with analog and digital building blocks. One of the key analog and mixed-signal parts of the C-V2X design is the radio, which is designed with many high- frequency analog components in the receiver chain (Figure 2). Figure 2 demonstrates three different radio architectures for sampling receivers: a) Baseband, b) IF, and c) RF. The RF analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) will determine the type of receiver the designer chooses—a, b, or c—depending on the input frequency. The automotive front-end module (FEM) Qorvo has developed one of the most critically important modules for the success of V2X technology—the front-end module (FEM), which is a part of the Qorvo connected car portfolio. Qorvo's V2X connected car portfolio contains chipset- agnostic solutions for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to- infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P), and vehicle- to-network (V2N) communications. This product portfolio, providing a readily-available solution for V2X communications, includes a Band 47/Wi-Fi bulk acoustic wave (BAW) co-existence filter allowing Wi-Fi co-existence with the V2X 5.9GHz band. This capability is critical to establishing reliable links between the vehicle and its surroundings. It also includes two integrated front- end modules (FEMs), which supports C-V2X (and also DSRC systems), a digital step attenuator, a transmit/receive switch, and a low noise amplifier (LNA) The design solutions are as follows: • QPF1002Q: A front-end module that is optimally designed to support C-V2X systems and integrates a Power Amplifier (PA), Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), and switching in a 5.0mm x 4.0mm package • QPF1003Q: A front-end module that is optimally designed to support C-V2X and DSRC/11p systems, integrates a Power Amplifier (PA), Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), and switching in a 5.0mm x 4.0mm package • QPQ2200Q: A Band 47 V2X/Wi-Fi bulk acoustic wave (BAW) co-existence filter, with excellent out-of-band attenuation in the Wi-Fi UNII-3 band, prevents Wi-Fi interference V2X 5.9GHz band, enables reliable V2X links for autonomous driving, in a compact 1.1mm x 0.9mm package • QPC6713Q: A 7-bit, 0.25dB Digital Step Attenuator: Enables fine power control necessary for compensator applications • QPC8019Q: Features fast transmit/receive switching necessary for V2X systems Figure 2: This block diagram shows three types of radio architectures for a C-V2X sampling receiver. (Source: IEEE) Qorvo has developed one of the most critically important modules for the success of V2X technology