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C h a p t e r 3 | U n s e e n H a z a r d s – S h o c k , V i b r a t i o n , a n d E l e c t r o m a g n e t i s m This interference is known as electromagnetic, or RF, interference (EMI or RFI). Connectors and cables are especially vulnerable to EMI, as their length can act as antennae that capture unwanted signals. Electrical and electronic devices can be protected by providing them with shielding, an electrically conductive covering that encloses equipment, preventing EMI from getting in or out. Magnetic Environments Although related to EMI, magnetic fields affect several other applications. For example, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) employs a strong magnetic field to create accurate 3D images of patients. Designers of MRI machines must select components with a low magnetic signature to prevent them from being affected by, or interfering with, the magnetic field. Another example is geomagnetism, or the measuring of tiny fluctuations in the Earth's magnetic field to advance scientific knowledge. In this instance, a component with a high magnetic signature can interfere with sensitive instrumentation and create inaccurate results. Even the most up-to-date technology is susceptible to magnetic interference. The latest quantum computing systems use magnets as part of their operation, and the use of nonferrous materials in their construction is advantageous. The use of magnetic metals is therefore to be avoided. Connectors frequently employ steel and nickel in their construction, so alternative materials offer the best solution for these applications. While creating a truly nonmagnetic connector is difficult, the right material choices can significantly reduce its impact on the environment around it. Naresh Radaliyagoda Test Engineer, Vestas Harsh environments subject electronic components to conditions and forces that push them beyond their normal operating limits. Robust designs, redundant systems, and regular maintenance help mitigate risk with our components." 17 Understanding Harsh Environments for Electronic Design