Issue link: https://resources.mouser.com/i/1528912
Chapter 2 Center Conductor The center conductor in a coaxial cable carries the primary electrical signal and directly impacts signal integrity, impedance control, loss, and interference. Its quality and construction will significantly affect the efficiency and clarity of the transmitted signal. The center conductor comes in two primary types: 1. Solid conductors: These are made of a single, solid piece of metal, providing better attenuation and higher signal integrity over longer distances. They are ideal for fixed installations where flexibility is less critical. 2. Stranded conductors: These consist of multiple thin wires twisted together. They offer greater flexibility and durability but have slightly higher attenuation than solid conductors. COTS solutions force designers to choose between solid conductors' better performance and stranded conductors' better flexibility. However, custom solutions allow designers to balance these tradeoffs, providing the best of both worlds. Dielectric Material The dielectric material in a coaxial cable insulates the center conductor from the outer shield, maintaining the cable's impedance and preventing signal loss. It also reduces signal attenuation by minimizing energy loss within the cable, allowing for efficient and clear signal transmission. Common dielectric material options include: 1. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 2. Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) 3. Polyethylene Specific applications may entail unique dielectric requirements, including material type, thickness, and dielectric constant. Manufacturers can tailor custom cables to meet these specifications so that an application achieves optimal signal integrity, thermal management, and mechanical flexibility. Shielding The shielding in a coaxial cable protects the signal from external electromagnetic interference (EMI) and radio frequency interference (RFI). Shielding in coaxial cables varies in complexity and effectiveness. Options include: 1. Wire braid: The simplest form of shielding, wire braid consists of interwoven metal strands that provide moderate protection against EMI while maintaining flexibility. It is commonly used in applications with sufficient physical durability and moderate shielding effectiveness. Basic Coaxial Cable Construction A coaxial cable transmission line has several key components, each offering different options for various applications. 6 Wired for Success: Advantages of Custom RF Cables over COTS and DIY