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C h a p t e r 3 | I n t e g r a t i o n example, power tools require motor controllers that can withstand rapid thermal fluctuations during intermittent, high-load operations. Drones and wearable devices, on the other hand, prioritize lightweight designs with minimal heat output to maximize usability and efficiency. Integrating digital and analog components within motor controllers offers several benefits beyond size reduction, such as cost efficiency. By combining functionalities into a single device, manufacturers can lower the overall bill of materials (BOM) and reduce assembly complexity. Simpler system designs then result in shorter production cycles and fewer potential points of failure. Additionally, integrated designs improve reliability by reducing the number of interconnects between components. Fewer interconnects mean fewer opportunities for signal degradation or physical wear—a particularly important consideration in high-vibration environments like industrial machinery or automotive applications. Looking forward, the trend toward greater integration in motor control systems is likely to accelerate. Advances in semiconductor technology will enable even higher levels of functionality within smaller form factors. For instance, the incorporation of edge AI capabilities will allow motor controllers to process and analyze data in real time, reduce latency, and enable faster decision-making. Integration will also be necessary to meet growing demands for energy-efficient solutions. Compact, integrated designs minimize energy losses associated with interconnects and external components, contributing to overall system efficiency. Technologies like GaN and silicon carbide For some applications, the motor is often as big as your biggest PCB or power supply, creating challenges in integrating all components into a realistic form factor for motor control applications." Zongphao Uthainit Senior Electronic Hardware Engineer, Electrolux Group 18 10 Experts Discuss the Fundamentals of Motor Control