Issue link: https://resources.mouser.com/i/1535932
current power supply, which means that a resistive element in the path can lead to lost energy. Not fully accounting for elements such as output voltage, sequencing, and power-on can lead to unreliability and damage to the device. As modern processor and FPGA designs have moved to increasingly smaller process geometries and lower core voltages, multiple voltage rails are necessary for optimal performance and to accommodate legacy I/O standards— ADI has developed a comprehensive portfolio of voltage monitoring solutions, including simple supervisors and window supervisors, to guarantee system stability and prevent unexpected behavior. As these processors and FPGAs become more powerful and more densely packed, not only in HPC systems but also in industrial and automotive environments, heat dissipation becomes a critical element of power management. Because FPGA designs often have high-density compute zones, insufficient thermal management can lead to hotspots of trapped heat, which reduce timing closure efficiency and lead to frequent cycle delays. Real-time applications have dynamic voltage demands that usually need a broad range of voltage profiles. These rapid shifts can lead to transient voltage droop, impacting stability, so considering voltage requirements for the different supply rails is critical, including core and I/O voltage rails as well as additional auxiliary rails. Sequencing, load transients, parasitics, and isolation are all variables Processor and FPGA power management must account for proper sequencing. Incorrect sequencing could damage the device; defining power-up and power- down sequencing is critical for reliability and must be recorded for applications where safety is paramount. ADI offers a comprehensive portfolio of supervisory/ C h a p t e r 3 | P o w e r P r o c e s s o r s a n d F P G A s FPGA power management involves precise voltage regulation, power rail sequencing, and thermal management for reliability. Handling transient currents prevents voltage drops, while dynamic power scaling and clock gating boost efficiency. Efficient PCB power distribution minimizes noise and ensures stability." Aman Verma Senior Product Development Engineer, HARMAN International 18 Power Management: Efficiently Powering Processors, FPGAs, and Microcontrollers