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reliability in e-mobility systems. Current sensors monitor the electrical load within various components, including battery packs, inverters, and motors. By providing precise measurements of current flow, these sensors help detect anomalies such as short circuits, overloads, and unexpected power draws that could indicate potential failures. In battery management systems, current sensors are particularly essential for tracking individual cells' charge and discharge cycles. This real-time monitoring allows the BMS to balance the load across the cells, ensuring that no single cell is overburdened or underutilized, which can lead to overheating or reduced efficiency. Moreover, current sensors enable accurate state-of-charge (SoC) estimation, which is necessary for optimizing battery performance and longevity. The cell connection system, which is responsible for the physical and electrical interconnections between individual battery cells within the pack, also complements the BMS. This system ensures that each cell is correctly integrated into the overall battery architecture, facilitating efficient power distribution and communication. The cell connection system typically includes busbars, interconnects, and wiring harnesses that link the cells together. Advanced cell connection systems often incorporate features to enhance safety and performance. For instance, they may include fuses or circuit breakers to isolate faulty cells and prevent cascading failures. Some systems also use flexible interconnects to accommodate cells' physical expansion and contraction during charge and discharge cycles and reduce mechanical stress that could lead to potential damage. In addition to providing physical connections, the cell connection system C h a p t e r 2 | S a f e t y a n d B a t t e r y M a n a g e m e n t S y s t e m s Battery technology is key in electric aircraft, but current technology requires compromising between good performance and energy efficiency. Battery technology offering good performance and efficiency will be a major enabler of deployment for electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft." Richard Ambroise CEO, EH-Aircraft 14 9 Experts Discuss the Role of Connectivity in e-Mobility